Agriculture is crucial for poverty and food insecurity alleviation in Africa. With its huge potential and numerous challenges, inadequate fiscal attention is given to the sector despite the adoption of the Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Program (CAADP) by African Heads of State and governments. As the agricultural pillar of 2063 African Union Agenda, CAADP has been implemented under Maputo (2003-2013), Malabo (2014-2024) and recently Kampala Declarations (2025-2036). The CAADP is African owned and led programme for structural transformation, a fundamental shift toward development. The allocation of at least 10% national budget for achieving at least 6% annual agricultural growth remains among others the core fiscal instrument for eradicating hunger and reducing poverty on the continent. By 2013, a total of 13 countries met or surpassed the 10 percent target under Maputo Declaration (2003-2013). However, by 2024, no country has met the 10 percent allocation target i.e. has not fulfilled its commitment to mobilize 10 percent of tax revenue to agriculture. Based on data collected from the Regional Strategic Analysis and Knowledge Support System (ReSAKSS) and the Biennial Review Report of the African Union Commission, paper draws lessons from CAADP implementation through the NAIPs and calls for an urgent paradigm shift for sustainable food security and livelihoods in Africa.